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道德经第十章 Tao Te Ching Chapter 10

 道德经简介

《道德经》是中国古代先秦时期道家哲学的经典著作,其作者传统上被认为是老子。这部著作以其深刻的哲学思想和简洁的语言风格,在世界范围内产生了广泛而深远的影响。

Introduction to Tao Te Ching

Tao Te Ching is a classic work of Taoist philosophy in the pre-Qin period of ancient China, and its author is traditionally considered to be Lao Tzu. This work has a wide and far-reaching influence around the world with its profound philosophical thoughts and concise language style.

 主要阐述了道家思想中的至高境界。它强调通过修身养性,达到一种至柔至静、无为而治的状态。


01

原文 Original



zài yíng pò bào yī 

载营魄抱一

néng wú lí hū 

能无离乎

zhuān qì zhì róu 

专气致柔

néng rú yīng ér hū 

能如婴儿乎

xiū chú xuán lǎn 

修除玄览

néng wú cī hū 

能无疵乎

ài mín zhì guó 

爱民治国

néng wú zhì hū 

能无智乎

tiān mén kāi hé 

天门开阖

néng wéi cí hū 

能为雌乎

míng bái sì dà 

明白四达

néng wú zhī hū 

能无知乎

shēng zhī xù zhī 

生之畜之

shēng ér bù yǒu 

生而不有

zhǎng ér bù zǎi 

长而不宰

shì wéi xuán dé 

是为玄德



02


英文 English


In embracing the One with your soul,

Can you never forsake the Tao?

In controlling your vital force to achieve gentleness,

Can you become like the new-born child?

In cleansing and purifying your Mystic vision,

Can you strive after perfection?

In loving the people and governing the kingdom,

Can you rule without interference?

In opening and shutting the Gate of Heaven,

Can you play the part of the Female?

In comprehending all knowledge,

Can you renounce the mind? 


03


逐句解释 Sentence by sentence explanation



载营魄抱一,能无离乎?:把精神、魂魄集中起来,保持统一,能没有分离吗?

Carrying the spirit and soul together, can there be no separation? : If you concentrate the spirit and soul and keep them together, can there be no separation?

专气致柔,能如婴儿乎?:集中精神,使性情柔顺,能像婴儿那样纯真吗?

Concentrating the energy and making them soft, can you be like a baby? : Concentrating the spirit and making the temperament soft, can you be as innocent as a baby?

修除玄览,能无疵乎?:修养并去除玄妙的思虑,能没有瑕疵吗?

Cultivating and removing the mysterious thoughts, can there be no flaws? : Cultivating and removing the mysterious thoughts, can there be no flaws?

爱民治国,能无智乎?:爱护百姓,治理国家,能没有智慧吗?

Loving the people and governing the country, can there be no wisdom? : Loving the people and governing the country, can there be no wisdom?

天门开阖,能为雌乎?:天门开阖,能像女性那样顺应自然吗?

The opening and closing of the gate of heaven, can it be female? : The opening and closing of the gate of heaven, can it be like a woman in accordance with nature?

明白四达,能无知乎?:明白事理,通达四方,能没有智慧吗?

Understanding and understanding all directions, can there be no knowledge? : Understanding the truth and understanding all directions, can there be no wisdom?

生之、畜之,生而不有,长而不宰。:生养万物,使万物生长,却不自以为拥有,使万物成长,却不加以控制。

Give birth to it, raise it, give birth but not own it, grow it but not dominate it. : Give birth to all things, make all things grow, but do not think that they own it, make all things grow, but do not control it.

是为玄德。:这就是玄德(深奥的道德)。

This is the mysterious virtue. : This is the profound morality.




04


整体解释 Overall explanation


这段文字出自《老子》,主要阐述了道家思想中的至高境界。它强调通过修身养性,达到一种至柔至静、无为而治的状态。具体来说,它要求人们:

心神合一:集中精神,保持内心宁静。

返璞归真:回归本性,像婴儿一样纯真无邪。

虚心学习:不断学习,完善自己。

仁爱治国:爱护百姓,以智慧治理国家。

顺应自然:顺应自然规律,不违背天理。

无为而治:不刻意为之,顺其自然。


This passage comes from "Laozi", which mainly expounds the highest realm in Taoist thought. It emphasizes that through self-cultivation, one can achieve a state of extreme softness, tranquility, and inaction. Specifically, it requires people to:

Unity of mind and spirit: concentrate on the mind and maintain inner peace.

Return to nature: return to nature, be as innocent as a baby.

Learn with an open mind: keep learning and improve yourself.

Govern the country with benevolence: love the people and govern the country with wisdom.

Follow nature: follow the laws of nature and do not violate the laws of nature.

Govern by inaction: do not do it deliberately, let nature take its course.


05


总结 Summary


这段文字通过一系列的诘问,引导人们不断反思自己的行为,最终达到一种至高的道德境界。它所表达的思想,对后世哲学、宗教等领域产生了深远的影响。


This passage guides people to constantly reflect on their behavior through a series of questions, and finally reach a supreme moral realm. The ideas it expresses have had a profound impact on later philosophy, religion and other fields.


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